Western Intelligence Talking to Damascus

Western intelligence officials have visited Syria to discuss security cooperation with the regime, its deputy foreign minister told the BBC as the West worries about Islamist extremists among the Syrian opposition.

Syrian Deputy Foreign Minister Faisal Mekdad told the BBC that the visits to Damascus pointed to a "schism" between what Western politicians were saying about President Bashar Assad's regime and what Western security services were doing in practice.

Separately the Wall Street Journal newspaper reported that British, German, French and Spanish agencies have been speaking to Assad regime officials since mid-2013.

Western governments have backed the opposition fighting to topple Assad but are increasingly concerned about the influence jihadist groups are wielding in Syria's nearly three-year-old civil war.

They are also worried about fighters from their countries traveling to Syria to join Islamist militants.

Mekdad said Western agencies were asking for security cooperation.

"I would not specify but many of them have visited Damascus, yes," Mekdad said in a broadcast aired Tuesday night.

"When these countries ask for security cooperation, then it seems to me there is a schism between the political and security leadership.

"Many of these countries have contacted us to coordinate security measures."

Last month the United States and Britain suspended their non-lethal aid to the opposition, fearing the growing influence of radical Islamists in the conflict.

Britain's Foreign Office refused to comment on what Mekdad said, saying it does not comment on intelligence matters.

Citing informed sources, the BBC said the U.S., British and German intelligence agencies were among those which had sent officials to Damascus.

The Wall Street Journal, citing diplomats and officials, said a retired officer from Britain's MI6 foreign intelligence agency was the first to visit, in the middle of 2013.

German, French and Spanish agencies have been speaking to regime officials since November, the U.S. daily said.

The newspaper said the talks were narrowly focused on extremists and on Al-Qaida's growing strength in Syria and did not represent a broader diplomatic opening.

AFP reported in November that Western intelligence services had been making contact with Syrian counterparts to test old ties.

Britain and France sent agents to meet the powerful Syrian secret service chief, General Ali Mamluk, whose name figures on a European Union blacklist banning contact.

They were told Syria was ready to resume cooperation but not while the countries' embassies remain closed, sources said.

French President Francois Hollande said Tuesday that 700 people had left France to join the fighting in Syria, while British Foreign Secretary William Hague said on Monday that hundreds of Britons had also gone to Syria to fight.

That has raised fears that foreign veterans of the conflict could pose a heightened security threat at home upon return.

Shiraz Maher, a senior research fellow at the International Center for the Study of Radicalization at King's College London university, said they estimate that between 200 and 366 British nationals have gone to Syria to participate in the conflict.

"We do think it's a growing problem," he told BBC radio on Wednesday.

But he said the "overwhelming majority" of foreign jihadists in Syria "express no desire to return".

"Indeed, a number of those we have been speaking to have died," he said.

The center estimates that only 30 to 50 fighters have returned to Britain.

He said it was "fairly obvious to be able to identify networks of people who are going over to Turkey in the first instance before crossing the border".