Rebels in the western Libyan town of Zliten were said to be low on ammunition and on the defensive on Sunday, as the regime said its forces had retaken the strategic southwest town of Bir Ghanam.

Abdul Wahab Melitan, a rebel spokesman in the port city of Misrata near Zliten, said forces loyal to strongman Moammar Gadhafi had launched an assault on rebel positions in Zliten's Souk Telat area, killing three and wounding 15.

The Arab League on Sunday called on the Syrian authorities to "immediately" stop the violence that has rocked the country since mid-March, in the pan-Arab body's first official statement on the unrest.

League Secretary General Nabil al-Arabi "calls on the Syrian authorities to bring an end immediately to acts of violence and campaigns by the security forces against civilians," the statement said.

Bahrain has ordered the release of two former MPs arrested in May after a crackdown on Shiite-led protests pending their trial in a civilian court, state news agency BNA said on Sunday.

The public prosecutor has decided to "release several detainees ... until the (civilian) court looks into their cases," including "two former MPs and a lawyer," BNA reported.

Syrian forces backed by tanks killed at least 57 people on Sunday in the regions of Deir Ezzor, Homs and Idlib, activists said, as President Bashar al-Assad defended what he termed the state's duty to crack down on "outlaws" despite mounting condemnation.

Security forces killed at least 38 civilians in the city of Deir Ezzor alone, activists said, and at least seven more died in Hula, a town in Homs province, in a separate assault with tanks.

Syria’s foreign ministry on Sunday rejected criticism from the Gulf Cooperation Council of Damascus’ violent crackdown on protests and called for Gulf states to instead condemn "the violence of armed groups” and to “allow time for the reforms" proposed by President Bashar al-Assad.

“Syria has received with regret the statement of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), which completely ignored the information and facts presented by Syria on the killing and sabotage acts committed by armed terrorist groups seeking to undermine the homeland's sovereignty and security,” Syria’s state-run news agency SANA quoted a Syrian official source as saying.

Rival Palestinian groups Fatah and Hamas opened talks Sunday in Egypt aimed at implementing a reconciliation agreement struck in May, state news agency MENA reported.

The two sides held consultations late Saturday in the presence of Egyptian intelligence officials, the agency said, adding Fatah's delegation is led by Azzam al-Ahmed and Hamas by Moussa Abu Marzouq.

Syrian President Bashar Assad’s advisor Buthaina Shaaban criticized on Sunday’s Turkey’s position on the developments in Syria, saying that its Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu will hear “stronger statements when he visits Syria.”

She said in a statement: “If the Turkish foreign minister believes that he is arriving in Syria to deliver a firm message, then he will hear a firmer message from us.”

Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh has left hospital in Riyadh, two months after he was badly wounded in a bomb attack as his forces waged a deadly crackdown on protesters, a Saudi official said on Sunday.

"The Yemeni president left the military hospital this (Saturday) evening at 9 pm (1800 GMT) after receiving the necessary treatment and was taken to a temporary residence for a recovery period," the Saudi official told AFP.

Radical anti-U.S. cleric Moqtada al-Sadr warned that any U.S. training mission in Iraq after 2011 would amount to an occupation force and need to be opposed by "military means," in a letter seen on Sunday.

The letter, released on Saturday in the Shiite cleric's base in the shrine city of Najaf, came after Baghdad agreed to open talks with Washington for a training mission post-2011, when all U.S. troops are due to have left.

Turkish Foreign Minister Ahmet Davutoglu will visit Syria on Tuesday with the message that Ankara "has run out of patience" with the ongoing violence, Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan said.

"We have reached the end of our patience and that's why I am sending the foreign minister to Syria on Tuesday," Erdogan was quoted by the Anatolia news agency as saying.